基于分布式压缩感知的全极化雷达超分辨成像

基于分布式压缩感知理论,提出了一种全极化逆合成孔径雷达超分辨成像算法,联合各极化通道进行超分辨处理.首先,建立全极化信号模型及超分辨字典,利用各极化通道信号的联合稀疏性将全极化超分辨成像建模为最小L2,1范数的优化问题,运用一种快速算法求解该优化问题.由于利用联合稀疏约束,多极化通道联合成像相比于单通道成像能够获得更好的超分辨性能和噪声抑制能力,最终有效提高图像极化融合的效果.同时,采用快速傅里叶变换操作提升了算法的运算效率.基于backhoe的仿真数据实验验证了该算法的优越性.     

基于PI迟滞模型的压电陶瓷复合控制算法研究

为减小压电陶瓷的迟滞非线性对系统跟踪精度的影响,该文采用经典的存在逆解析的PI迟滞模型对压电陶瓷的迟滞特性进行建模,将PI模型的逆模型用于压电陶瓷的前馈控制算法中,然后设计了神经元比例、积分、微分(PID)反馈控制算法,将前馈控制算法与神经元PID反馈控制算法结合得到了压电陶瓷的复合控制算法。将仅含前馈的控制算法和复合控制算法在压电陶瓷的控制器上执行,实验结果表明,仅含前馈的控制算法的跟踪误差为1.256μm,而复合控制算法的跟踪误差仅为0.092μm,该复合控制算法使跟踪精度提高了1.164μm。     

A 3D domain decomposition approach for the identification of spatially varying elastic material parameters

The post‐treatment of (3D) displacement fields for the identification of spatially varying elastic material parameters is a large inverse problem that remains out of reach for massive 3D structures. We explore here the potential of the constitutive compatibility method for tackling such an inverse problem, provided an appropriate domain decomposition technique is introduced. In the method described here, the statically admissible stress field that can be related through the known constitutive symmetry to the kinematic observations is sought through minimization of an objective function, which measures the violation of constitutive compatibility. After this stress reconstruction, the local material parameters are identified with the given kinematic observations using the constitutive equation. Here, we first adapt this method to solve 3D identification problems and then implement it within a domain decomposition framework which allows for reduced computational load when handling larger problems. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Towards Eliminating the Displacement Bias Due to Out‐Of‐Plane Motion in 2D Inverse Problems: A Case of General Rigid‐Body Motion

This article reports an important development related to the inverse characterization of material constitutive parameters using 2D optical displacement field measurements. The out‐of‐plane motion of the specimen, which has traditionally been considered detrimental to the accuracy of these experiments, is generally of two types: (a) a global out‐of‐plane rigid‐body motion of the specimen relative to the camera and (b) out‐of‐plane deformations resulting from material heterogeneity or out‐of‐plane loads. In an earlier article, we proposed to partially relax the condition of no out‐of‐plane motion by allowing for (b) in 2D inverse procedures, in the context of finite element update method, and introduced a compensation strategy by redefining the cost function on the object plane of the acquisition system. The experimental errors due to (a) were assumed negligible. Here, we propose that the global rigid‐body motion (a) may also be recovered within the inverse procedures, hence completely waiving the condition of strictly in‐plane displacements for inverse problems. The recovery is achieved by identifying and including the possible modes of global rigid‐body motion within the cost function together with careful selection of test configuration. The effects of individual rigid‐body modes on the computed displacement fields are studied in detail and utilized as a guideline for selection of test configuration. The approach is fully demonstrated and validated by simulated as well as real experiments for determining elastic constants of isotropic and orthotropic materials using different experimental setups. Effects of improving the optimization routine, for cost function minimization, and experimental noise are also presented.     

自旋Seebeck效应实验研究进展

自旋Seebeck效应是自旋热电子学(Spin caloritronics)领域中反映自旋流和热流之间相互作用关系的重要物理现象。它具有重要的科学研究价值和深远的应用前景,得到了国内外相关研究组织的广泛关注。通过对自旋Seebeck效应的研究意义进行简单介绍,重点分析了由热流激发自旋波(自旋流)引起的自旋Seebeck效应的物理机制,并对其探测方法以及现阶段存在的问题进行了着重阐述。     

大拉深比薄壁筒形件充液成形过程数值模拟

目的利用充液成形工艺成形普通拉深工艺难成形的大拉深比筒形件。方法通过理论公式计算了冷冲压工艺成形该制件的道次,利用有限元软件Dynaform对充液成形过程进行了3个步骤模拟,并研究了第1步拉深时初始反胀高度对成形制件减薄率的影响规律。结果利用理论公式计算,传统冲压方法成形拉深比为3.2的筒形件至少需要5个道次,而采用被动式充液成形方法只需要3个道次。每个道次的最大减薄率都在8%以内,最后得到拉深制件的最大减薄率为8.53%,在安全范围以内;第1步充液拉深时,反胀高度分别为1.75,2.75,3.75,4.75,5.75 mm时,得到制件的最大减薄率分别为5.28%,5.08%,4.8%,5.03%,5.03%。结论充液成形工艺较传统冲压工艺可以大大提高板料的成形极限,减少成形道次,成形制件质量好;合适的初始反胀高度,可以减小成形制件壁厚的最大减薄率。     

基于双重逆极限空间液压系统泄漏特征提取方法

为了检测大型锻造液压机液压系统的泄漏问题,提出了一种基于双重逆极限空间的特征分析方法。将大型锻造液压机液压系统的泄漏作为原信息空间,并在此基础上建立与之拓扑同构的双重逆极限空间。在双重逆极限空间,并通过拓扑不变性来反映大型锻造液压机液压系统的泄漏情况。最后通过仿真实验验证了此理论方法的可行性。结果表明,基于双重逆极限空间的特征提取方法更适合提取泄漏的耦合特征,所提取的特征信息对泄漏具有很好的检测和定位能力。     

基于广义逆波束形成的扩展性噪声源定位误差影响因素仿真研究

实现噪声控制的前提是正确识别出主要的噪声源,研究噪声源空间指向性对于噪声源的辨识和预测有重大意义。为提高复杂声源的分辨率,以单极子点源形成扩展性声源表征噪声源,引进广义逆波束形成算法对扩展性声源进行声源定位。通过仿真计算,分析了广义逆波束形成(Generalized Inverse Beamforming,GIB)算法中麦克风阵列阵元数、测量距离对定位效果的影响,系统比较了去自谱算法和GIB算法对点声源、扩展性声源(5个紧密相连的单极子点源)的分辨率。仿真表明:GIB算法中定位效果受阵元数目影响不大,相对提高了点声源的定位精度,而且能分辨出扩展性声源。     

Computation of synthetic surface heat transfer coefficient of 7B50 ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy during spray quenching

According to inverse heat transfer theory, the evolutions of synthetic surface heat transfer coefficient (SSHTC) of the quenching surface of 7B50 alloy during water-spray quenching were simulated by the ProCAST software based on accurate cooling curves measured by the modified Jominy specimen and temperature-dependent thermo-physical properties of 7B50 alloy calculated using the JMatPro software. Results show that the average cooling rate at 6 mm from the quenching surface and 420–230 °C (quench sensitive temperature range) is 45.78 °C/s. The peak-value of the SSHTC is 69 kW/(m²·K) obtained at spray quenching for 0.4 s and the corresponding temperature of the quenching surface is 160 °C. In the initial stage of spray quenching, the phenomenon called “temperature plateau” appears on the cooling curve of the quenching surface. The temperature range of this plateau is 160–170 °C with the duration about 3 s. During the temperature plateau, heat transfer mechanism of the quenching surface transforms from nucleate boiling regime to single-phase convective regime.